How Nike and Adidas designed World Cup uniforms, balancing national pride with high-tech comfort

FastCompany: Heat. Moisture. National pride. These were top of mind as Nike designed its uniform kits for the 2026 FIFA World Cup , including for soccer powerhouses France and Brazil as well as the U.S. and Canada in their role as host nations. In a tournament that has seen at least one storm delay and temperatures hovering around 90 degrees Fahrenheit (32 Celsius) in some locations, the first step was to ensure players’ performance and comfort. Phil McCartney, chief innovation, design, and product officer for Nike, said the company worked with athletes, coaches, and soccer federations to understand how uniforms affect the game.

“We also talk to fans—so what does it mean to wear a Uruguay jersey, what does it mean to represent France, what does it mean to play for Canada?” McCartney told The Associated Press. “We take that and we merge that with all the science and the innovation to make sure that we have beautiful designs.” Adidas , which designed jerseys for defending champion Argentina, host nation Mexico, and Colombia, also unveiled cooling gear for the tournament. Puma designed the kits for Portugal as well as Morocco and Senegal, the two finalists at the most recent Africa Cup of Nations.

While the three companies are behind most of this year’s kits, some teams are sporting uniforms designed by other apparel makers. Testing facility features thermal chambers and robot mannequins On a recent morning, McCartney spoke from the sports research lab at Nike’s headquarters just outside Portland, Oregon, where experimentation helped the kits come to life. The indoor facility includes a 200-meter (219-yard) track, a small soccer pitch and a basketball court, with hundreds of motion-capture cameras placed throughout. Thermal chambers replicate the effects of heat and humidity on apparel donned by people or robot mannequins.

“We take motion capture to see how they’re moving in the kit, how the kits are responding,” McCartney said. “We also use the thermal chambers that we have to test the kit’s breathability, to test wicking and moisture management.” For the World Cup kits, Nike engineered a new fabric that it says is more breathable and made from fully recycled materials. The way the jerseys are knit, with mesh stitching in certain areas allowing more air flow, helps “get that thermal regulation that all the players have been asking for,” McCartney said. Despite all the testing, the rollout of the kit was still a bit bumpy.

During matches earlier this year, bulges could be seen in the shoulder seams on jerseys for teams including France and Uruguay, The Guardian reported. Nike told the AP that it was able to identify the issue before the start of the World Cup, and worked with federations “to ensure kits show up as intended.” Designs incorporate symbols of national pride While a uniform kit’s physical attributes are important for athletes, its appearance is just as significant for fans who sport the jerseys and want to feel connected to their team.

“We take inspiration from lots of different places—from the past, from art, from music, from culture, so anything that gets us connected to the country we really want to harness,” McCartney said. France’s away kit, for example, is a light green meant to evoke the patina of the Statue of Liberty, which France gifted to the U.S. in the late 19th century. The interior tag features the word “Liberté” inside a silhouette of the monument’s crown. On the front of the jersey there’s a rooster—an emblem of the national team and the country itself—and two stars representing France’s two World Cup titles.

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The article discusses the significant strategies employed by major brands like Nike and Adidas in a high-profile event, making it impactful and relevant, while the integration of technology and cultural elements adds a level of novelty.